except for:
指不同类别的事情或性质不同的事情,或表示某人/物 在总体上是好的,只是其中的某个细节或某个环节不尽人意
eg.
⑴Except for Li Ming, they are all workers.
除了李明之外,他们都是工人
⑵Everybody except John was able to answer the question.
除了约翰之外,每个人都回答出了问题
⑶The room is empty except for a broken chair. （前后的名词不同类）
这个房间空空的,只不过有把破椅子
⑷I know nothing about him except that he is from Japan.
我对他一无所知,只是知道他来自日本
⑸She goes to school by bike except when it rains.
她骑自行车去上学,除了下雨时不骑
⑹He could do nothing except walk home.（except前若有实义动词do,则后面接不带to的不定式）
他只好走着回家了
=He had no choice but to walk home.（ except前若没有实义动词do,则后面接带to的不定式）
高考题例:
I know nothing about the young lady ________ she is from Beijing. （2000上海高考）
A. except
B. except for
C. except that
D.besides
分析:
except for与except that同义,但except for后不能接句子,后句she is from Beijing是一个完整的陈述句,故用except that连接,that不作成分。
答案:C
*besides: （prep.） 除之外还有,常与also, else, other等词连用。如:
⑴Besides tennis, he also plays basketball and football.
除了网球之外,他还打篮球和踢足球。
⑵I have three other dictionaries besides this one.
除了这本词典,我还有三本别的词典。
*besides: （adv.） 此外,而且
⑴I haven"t time to see the film-----besides, it"s had dreadful reviews.
我没有时间去看这部影片,再说,影评也诸多贬斥。
⑵I am too busy to go for a walk; besides, it is late.
我太忙不去散步了,而且时候已晚了。
13. with的复合结构 :常在句中作状语,表示伴随动作、行为方式及原因、条件或结果等情况。
with 宾语 prep./adj./ adv./ doing/ to do（表示要执行的动作）/done（表示动作的完成及被动）
⑴She often sleeps with the window open. （adj.）
她经常开着窗户睡觉。
⑵He came in with a book in his hand. （prep.）
他手里拿着本书进来了
⑶She felt scared with so many people looking at her. （doing）
这么多人看着她,她感到害怕。
⑷He was brought in with his hands tied back.. （done）
他双手绑在身后被带了进来
⑸With everything bought, he left the market. （done）
买完了所需要的东西之后,他离开了市场
⑹The king came in, with all his servants following him. （doing）
国王进来了,身后跟着所有的仆人。
⑺With nothing to do, he went out for a walk .
由于没有什么事情可做,他便到外面散步
⑻He left his room with the light on. （adv.）
他离开了房间,灯亮着
高考题例1:
With a lot of difficult problems _____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.（2002上海高考）
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled
分析:
因后句的进行时表示将来,新当选的总统将要度过一段艰难的时光,故用with 宾语 不定式表示将来要执行的动作。
答案:C
高考题例2:
_____two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.（2004北京高考）
A. With
B. Besides
C. As for
D. Because of
分析:
根据句意,此处应采用with 宾语 不定式
答案:A
14. a great / good many
修饰可数名词,它的后面不能接of短语,但当名词前有the, these, those, my, 等词时,需加上介词of
⑴A great many students like the movie.
好多学生喜欢这部电影
⑵We have read a good many books.
我们读过许多书籍
⑶He has read a great many of the novels in this library.
他已读了图书馆中的许多书
⑷A good many of his books were bought from this bookstore.
他的许多书是从这个书店里买的
其他表示许多的短语:
many a 单数名词
a （large/great） number of 复数名词
plenty of 不可数名词/复数名词
quite a few 复数名词
a great deal of 不可数名词
a large amount of 不可数名词
⑴Many a strong man has weakened before such a challenge.
很多坚强的人面对这种困难都动摇了
⑵A number of people have read this magazine.
好多人看过这本杂志
⑶There were quite a few copies sold on the first day.
第一天就卖了好多本
⑷She spent a great deal of money on clothes.
她花了许多钱买衣服
⑸They have a large amount of work to do.
他们有大量的工作要做
⑹There"s plenty of rain in my hometown.
我的家乡雨水大
⑺There are plenty of eggs in the basket.
篮子里有许多鸡蛋
15. have a good knowledge of 了解,懂得,掌握
have no knowledge of不知道,不了解
to one"s knowledge 据所知
without the knowledge of在不知道的情况下
come to sb"s knowledge 被某人知悉
⑴I have a good knowledge of Chinese history.
我通晓中国历史
⑵A baby has no knowledge of good and evil.
婴儿不知善恶
⑶He sold the car without his wife"s knowledge.
他瞒着妻子把汽车卖了
⑷To my knowledge, she has never been late before.
据我所知,她从来没迟到过
⑸It has come to our knowledge that you have been cheating the company.
据我们了解你一直欺骗公司
高考题例:
One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain ____ good knowledge of basic word formation. （2002上海高考）
A. /
B. the
C. a
D. one
分析:
knowledge为不可数名词,但若有形容词修饰,则加不定冠词a
答案:C
16. consider
①考虑 consider sth./ doing
He is considering going abroad.
他正考虑出国。
I"m considering changing my job.
我在考虑换工作。
I will consider your offer and tell you my decision tomorrow.
对你的提议我要考虑一下,明天告诉你我的决定。
②想,认为
宾语 （to be） adj./ n.
consider 宾语 as n./adj.
that 从句
I consider it a great honor.
我认为这是件很荣幸的事情。
We consider money （to be） important.
我们认为金钱是重要的。
We all consider him loyal to his friends.
我们都认为他对朋友忠诚。
We consider it important to learn a foreign language.
我们认为再学一门外语非常重要。
Lincoln was considered one of the greatest presidents in American history.
林肯被认为是美国历史上最伟大的总统之一。
We all consider that you did a good deed.
我们都认为你做了件好事。
I don"t consider that it will turn out fine this afternoon.
我认为下午不会天晴。
③consideration n. 考虑
considering prep. 考虑到,鉴于
considerable adj. 相当大的
The question is worthy of consideration.
这个问题值得考虑。
She is very active, considering her age.
考虑到她的年龄,她很活跃了。
A considerable number of people object to the policy of the government.
相当多的人反对政府这一政策。
④take sth. into consideration 对某事加以考虑
under consideration 在考虑中
out of consideration 未加考虑
When marking Tom"s exam papers, the teacher took his long illness into consideration.
批改汤姆的试卷时,老师考虑到了他长时间的生病。
There is one important fact that has been out of consideration.
有一重要事实未考虑到。
高考链接
Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer. （NMET 1993）
A. to invent
B. inventing
C. to have invented
D. having invented
答案:C
分析:
该句为 consider sb. to do 的被动结构,即 be considered to do, 同时要注意不定式的时态。因为发明电脑发生在认为之前,故不定式用完成时。
17. means n.
a）手段,方法 （单复数同形）
a means of transport/ communication
运输工具/通讯工具
The quickest means of travel is by air.
最快捷的旅行方式是乘飞机。
All possible means have been tried.
一切可能的办法都已经被尝试过了。
b）by means of 用,依靠
by all means 一定,务必,当然
by no means 决不,并未
She could not speak, but made her wishes known by means of signs.
她不会说话,但手势表达了她的愿望。
He succeeded by means of perseverance.
他靠毅力获得了成功。
By all means I must visit my sick friend.
我一定得去探望我生病的朋友。
I can by no means pretend to be pleased with this behavior.
我决不能假装对这种行为表示满意。
---May I stay at home from school? 我可以呆在家里不去上学吗?
---By no means. 绝对不行。
c）辨析:means, method, way
三个词均表示方法,means指为达到一个目的或产生某种结果而采用的方法、手段,way是最普通常用的词,method 强调解决某个问题的办法,三个词与介词搭配一般为:by the means/ in the way/ with the method
18. experience
a）c.n. 经历,阅历
How many interesting experiences do you have?
你有多少有趣的经历?
Our travel by camel was an unforgettable experience.
我们骑骆驼的旅行是一次难忘的经历。
b）u.n. 经验,体验
She has so much experience of teaching.
她有丰富的教学经验。
I know from experience that he will be late.
就我的经验判断他会来晚的。
c）v. 经历,感觉,感受,体验
Have you experienced an earthquake?
你有没有体验过地震?
For the first time, we experienced defeat.
我们第一次遭遇失败。
d）experienced adj. 有经验的,熟练的
He is experienced in hunting.
他打猎很有经验。
The factory is in need of experienced workers.
这个工厂需要熟练工人。
19. protect
a）v. 保卫,保护
We"re having good holidays while soldiers are protecting our country.
我们在幸福地享受假期,而士兵们却在保卫祖国。
There"re fewer animals. It"s important for us to protect them.
动物们越来越少,对于我们来说保护他们很重要。
b）protect---from/against--- 保护---使不受,防御
He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
他戴着太阳镜以遮挡强烈的阳光。
He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow.
他举起手臂挡住脸躲过了这一击。
Villagers planted lots of trees to protect soil from being washed away.
村民们种了许多树防止水土流失。
c）protection n. 保护,防御
under the protection of
在---的保护下
The hat will give protection against the sun.
这顶帽子可遮阳。
The chicks are under the protection of the hen.
小鸡们在母鸡的保护下。
20. separate
a）v. 分隔,分离 （常与from连用）
You"d better separate the bad apples from the good ones.
你最好把坏苹果同好苹果分开。
Many families got separated during the war.
战争期间,很多家庭妻离子散。
At this point, the satellite separates from its launcher.
此时,卫星就脱离发射器。
It"s the children who suffer when their parents separate.
父母分居时受罪的是孩子。
b）adj. 分开的,独立的,不同的
David and I have been separated for six months and we have been sleeping in separate bedrooms. 我和大卫分居6个月了,我们一直睡在各自的卧室里。
He tries to keep his professional life separate from his private life.
他尽量把他的职场生活和私人生活完全分开。
c）separate, divide separate着重指把原来结合在一起的、混合在一起的事物或人分开或隔离,divide着重指将整体分成若干部分。
The whole class was divided into five groups.
全班分成了5组。
England is separated from France by the Channel.
英法两国由英吉利海峡隔开。
21. watch out
a）当心,注意,常与for连用
watch out for sb./ sth. （to do）
You can"t learn English well without watching out for idiomatic ways of saying things. 如果不注意讲话中的习惯表达方式,你就学不好英语。
Watch out for a chance to improve your position in the company;they don"t come very often. 要注意抓住提高你在公司地位的机会,这种机会并不多。
I"m always watching out for mistakes that I may have missed before.
我总是警惕过去可能没有注意到的错误。
b）Watch it! = Watch out!
watch over 照看,看守
Watch it! You nearly knocked into the car.
当心,你差点撞到那辆车上。
22. 现在进行时的特殊用法
a）现在进行时可表示将来安排好的活动或事件,常见的动词有arrive, come, go, leave, return, stay, travel, play等,并常与表将来的时间状语连用。
We"re spending next winter in Australia.
我们将在澳大利亚度过明年冬天。
How many of you are making the trip?
你们中有多少人去旅行?
We"re having a party in our house tonight.
今晚我们在家里开茶话会。
b）现在进行时与副词always, often, constantly, forever, continually等连用,表示说话人一种强烈的情感。
He is always helping people.
他总是帮助别人。（赞扬）
She is always borrowing money and forgetting to pay you back.
她总是向人借钱而忘记还人家。（不满）
高考链接
I"ve won a holiday for two to Florida. I _____ my mum. （2002北京）
A. am taking
B. have taken
C. take
D. will have taken
答案:A
分析:
此处运用现在进行时表示按计划要发生的动作。
同步练习:
一、单项选择
1. ---I hear Bill likes playing basketball.
---Yes, ________, and _______.
A. he does;so like me
B. he is;either do I
C. so he does;so do I
D. he does so;so am I
2. These math problems are _______ difficult for me. Could you please help me out?
A. much too
B. too much
C. very much
D. such
3. ---Do you know which team won the game?
---I don"t know, ______.
A. nor do I care
B. nor I care
C. neither will I care
D. I don"t care, too
4. Although the little girl was ______ at home, she didn"t feel _____ at all.
A. alone, lonely
B. lonely, alone
C. alone, alone
D. lonely, lonely
5. One day Chuck is ______ a flight _____ the Pacific Ocean ______ suddenly his plane crashes.
A. in, over, while
B. on, across, when
C. with, through, when
D. on , across, while
6. Was ______ in this place that he saved the boy?
A. that
B. it
C. he
D. this
7. Helen and Linda were introduced to each other _______ at a party.
A. for the first time
B. the first time
C. all the time
D. for some time
8. What was it ______ you found in the hole?
A. that
B. which
C. and
D. this
9. Make yourself ______ home and help yourself ______ anything that you"d like to eat.
A. in, with
B. at , to
C. at, with
D. in, to
10. The _______ of students are against your plan.
A. most
B. many
C. number
D. majority
11. A great ______ of foreign guests come to out school for a visit every year.
A. deal
B. number
C. plenty
D. lot
12. The house is beautifully built ______ its chimney.
A. except
B. except for
C. besides
D. except that
13. He ran out with his face ______ in hands.
A. bury
B. burying
C. buried
D. to bury
14. Many people agree that ______ knowledge of English is a must in _______ international trade today.
A. a, /
B. the, an
C. the, the
D. /, the
15. All possible means ______ been tried.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
二、完形填空
Like most July days, it was hot. I stepped into a tiny ice-cream shop to cool off with a chocolate ice-cream. It was a very 1 store with little round tables and chairs.
As I entered, I found a very old woman bent over a 2 near the door. Her back was so
3 twisted by some misfortune that her face nearly 4 the tabletop. I sat down 5 her a couple of tables away.
Poor woman, I thought. What does she 6 life ? Why does God let people live so long past their prime（鼎盛时）?
As I thought, another 7 lady entered the shop and sat down with her. Soon the two of them were 8 childhood days. They talked of how little the shop had changed in 70 years. In minutes, the two of them were shaking with 9 .
I looked again at the first woman, then in the 10 on a nearby wall, catching a picture of myself. I was 11 a dirty shirt. She was well dressed in white, her 12 carefully made up and her hands shining with gold rings. I was 13 . She was laughing, smiling. I was putting the 14 of my life together . She had millions of 15 memories to recall. I sat alone. She was 16 the day with a good friend. 17 I was worried about getting old. She was old, but it wasn"t 18 her. As I left the shop, I 19 my foolish question about God letting people live past their prime. Why , that woman was more 20 , more sensitive to life, than I was. Age has not bent her spirit.
1. A. different B. modern C. pretty D. old-time
2. A. computer B. cushion C. table D. customer
3. A. badly B. suddenly C. actually D. fully
4. A. broke B. touched C .hit D. knocked
5. A. facing B. leaving C. following D. serving
6. A. devote to B. get out of C. learn about D. keep away from
7. A. aged B. married C. dated D. Separated
8. A. speaking of B. talking about C. thinking over D. planning for
9. A. food B. fear C. cold D. laughter
10. A. newspaper B. window C. mirror D. picture
11. A. dressing B. wearing C. putting on D. having on
12. A. face B. neck C. back D. head
13. A. happy B. surprised C. poor D. sad
14. A. periods B. pieces C. points D. goals
15. A. terrible B. difficult C. wonderful D. fresh
16. A. sharing B. spending C. taking D. sparing
17. A. In public B. As a result C. Above all D. In secret
18. A. pleasing B. hurting C. envying D. punishing
19. A. realized B. wondered C. gave up D. thought of
20. A. alive B. changeable C. hopeful D. interesting
三、单词拼写
1. It"s a great ______（挑战） for Tom to open his own business.
2. A land which is surrounded by water is called an _______（岛）.
3. If you were alone on the island, what would you do in order to _______（活下来）.
4. We are good friends though sometimes we have different ideas and _____（争论） about them.
5. Tony is _____（喜欢） of pop music but I prefer classical music.
6. Jane and Betty are going on _______（各自的） holidays in May.
7. Nowadays the ________（大多数） of people in Shenzhen speak Putonghua.
8. When he came in, I was having a bath in the _______（浴室）.
9. He has traveled to many places. Do you know his next ______（目的地）?
10. Can you ________（想象） that we are living on the moon?
四、短文改错
Yesterday we got a call from a mid-aged man who 1. _________
name was George. He called us to say his washing machine 2. _________
had bought in our shop two months ago wasn"t as 3. _________
well as he had read from our advertisement. The 4. _________
machines works with a plenty of noises;the pipe 5. _________
leaks and the worst thing is that sometimes they doesn"t 6. _________
work at all. Therefore, he hoped that a repairman could 7. _________
sent as soon as possibly or the machine could be 8. _________
exchanged if it couldn"t be repaired. He doesn"t hope his machine 9. _________
bought in our shop would take him any more trouble. 10. _________
答案与提示:
一、1. C 前一空为肯定回答,不倒装;后一空表示我也如此,倒装。
2. A much too后加形容词或副词。
3. A nor引起倒装句,表示与否定情况相同。
4. A alone独自一人,lonely孤独的。
5. B be on a flight在飞行中,across表示穿越,when就在这时。
6. B 强调句型的一般疑问式。
7. A 表示第---次做什么用for the ---time。
8. A 强调句中定语从句用that引起。
9. B make oneself at home 别拘束,随便一点;help oneself to sth. 随便吃或用。
10. D the majority of students= most of the students= most students
11. B a large number of 修饰复数名词。
12. B except for排除的是主语的一部分,表示整体中的个例。
13. C with复合结构中的宾语补足语,bury与face 为动宾关系,因此用过去分词。
14. A 第一空用a抽象名词具体化,表示某一方面的知识;第二空泛指国际贸易,不用冠词。
15. D means单复数同形,由all可知此处为复数。
二、1. D 根据后文的how little the shop had changed in 70 years。
2. C 她应该是弯腰坐在门边的桌旁。
3. A 表示程度,背驼得很厉害。
4. B 由于背驼得厉害,以至于脸差点接触到桌面。
5. A 根据后文,我一直关注着她的一举一动,所以应试面对她。
6. B 我十分可怜她,心想她这一辈子从生活中得到了什么。
7. A 这两位都是老太太,很好的朋友。
8. B 朋友相聚,谈论旧日时光。
9. D 回忆过去,十分温馨,而由shaking可知,他们在开怀大笑。
10. C 我看见了自己,因此应是镜子。
11. B 表状态,用wear,且常用于进行时中。
12. A made up表示化妆,因此应为face。
13. D 此处有多组句子将我和老太太进行对比,下句为she was laughing,因此我应是sad。
14. B pieces of my life 表示我生活的片段,暗示我支离破碎的生活。
15. C 同上句形成对比。
16. A 强调分享。
17. D 虽然我很年轻,但我很悲观,暗自担心变老
18. B hurt在此表示未对她造成影响。
19. D 离开时我再次想起了开始我问上帝的那个问题,下文中也有进一步的感悟。
20. A alive与aged形成鲜明对比,达到最佳表现效果。
三、1. challenge 2. island 3. survive 4. argue 5. fond
6. separate 7. majority 8. bathroom 9. destination 10. imagine
四、1. who----whose whose在此引导定语从句,且充当定语,修饰name
2. 正确
3. 去掉had bought in our shop two months ago 在句中充当定语。
4. well----good good作be的表语,所以用形容词。
5. 去掉a plenty of 许多,固定短语,前面不可以加冠词。
6. they----it it指代上文中提到的his washing machine
7. could后加be 此处应用被动语态。
8. possibly----possible as soon as possible 尽可能快,固定短语
9. doesn"t---didn"t 这一动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。
10. take---bring 此处意思为带来麻烦。
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