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语法指导:宾语从句专练

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  • 发布时间:2013-04-04 08:36:18
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宾语从句(The Object Clause)在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句通常由下面一些词引导。

  1、 由that引导(that在口语或非正式文体中常省略)。

  2、 由what , when , where, which, who, how ,why等连接代词或连接副词引导。

  3、 由连词whether或if引导(口语中常用if)。

  应注意的几个问题:

  1、 宾语从句可放在形容词后。常用形式是“be 形容词 宾语从句”

  e.g. I am glad you like it .

  2、 宾语从句与主句时态的一致。

  1)主句是现在(或将来)时态时,宾语从句可根据实际需要用不同的时态。

  如:He says Mary is playing with the cat .

  He says Mary often plays with the cat.

  He says Mary will play with the cat.

  I think he left yesterday morning.

  2) 主句时态是一般过去时,从句要用过去时态的某种形式。

  He said Mary was playing with the cat.

  He said he hoped to be back soon..

  3) 当从句所表示的是客观事实或客观真理时,该从句都用一般现在时,不用过去时。

  如:He said light travels much faster than sound.

  3、 宾语从句中的否定转移。如果主句谓语动词是think , believe suppose 等,而从句的意思是否定的,这时主句的谓语动词用否定式,从句用肯定式。如:

  I don’t think you are right. 我认为你不对。

  4、 将普通的特殊疑问句变成宾语从句时,从句的语序要由疑问句变成陈述句的语序。

  When will the meeting begin?-------I want to know when the meeting will begin.

  5、 将普通的一般疑问句变成宾语从句时,则用if /whether连接,同时变成陈述句语序。

  Are you an English teacher ?-------He asked if I was an English teacher.

  在下列情况下只能用whether

  1) 介词后的宾语从句 I’m thinking about whether we should go fishing.

  2) 宾语从句提前时 Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.

  3) 直接与or not连用时 I don’t know whether or not he was ready.

  4) 在带to 的动词不定式前 She hasn’t decided whether to go or not.

  if也可引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”(主将从现,主过从过)。比较:

  I don’t know if he will come. If he comes ,I will tell you.

  6、在变宾语从句时,要注意以下几点。1)连接词 2)人称 3)语序 4)时态 5)标点

  练习

  1. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。

  1)I know that the young man ______________(come) to the village every Saturday.

  2). We have learnt that the earth ________________(go) around the sun..

  3) He was afraid that he ______________________(forget) his Chinese.

  4)I am sure that she ________________(like ) this book.

  5)He told me that he ________________(tell) a story when I came in .

  6)Could you tell me when you _________________(leave) England, last summer or last autumn?

  7)She asked me if she _____________(can, borrow) the science book.

  8)I can’t remember when he _____________________(come) last night.

  9)He said he _______________( fly) to Shanghai .

  10)She is happy that she ____________________(find) the lost purse .

  11)I hear that he __________________(enjoy) playing football very much.

  12)Has the teacher decided who ______________(take ) part in the sports meeting?

  2.用适当的连接词填空。

  1) The mother likes saying __________________she has a good daughter.

  2) They told me __________________ they could finish the work before ten o’clock.

  3) The boy wanted to know _______________they could go boating.

  4) Mr Green asked ______________would give the message to Miss Wang.

  5) Dad wanted to know ______________the tennis match would be.

  6) She hasn’t decided ______________language she is going to choose.

  7) It’s well-known _________________Lu Xun was a great writer.

  8) Do you know _____________Doctor King live?

  9) Lucy wants to ask Li Lei _______he goes to school by bus every day.

  10) He doesn’t know ___________she will go to the USA tomorrow.

  11) I hope ____________everybody at school are all well.

  12) Lily asked ______________there were any cheaper ones.

  13) I didn’t know _______________ the books were.

  14) Do you know _______________time I get up every day.

  15) Could you tell me _____________grade you are in ?

  16) The boy didn’t know _______________was his new English teacher.

  17) The teacher asked _____________Li Lei was late for school.

  18) I was afraid __________________he might fail his exam.

  19) Can you tell me _______________you got home.

  20) I didn’t know _______________book it was.

  3.仿照例子,改写句子。

  It’s going to rain soon. ( I thought)

  -------I thought (that ) it was going to rain soon.

  1) The film is very interesting. (Everyone says)

  2) He often helps his classmates with their English. (All of us know )

  3) He is going to start work at once .( The teacher said)

  4) Li Lei has just arrived. ( I heard )

  5) The earth moves around the sun. ( He told the students)

  6) Why was Miss Zhao not pleased? ( Please tell me )

  7) Does he run fast? ( I didn’t know )

  8) How will they go to London? ( We wanted to know )

  9) Who won first prize last year? ( Miss Black asked )

  10) Where are they going to plant trees? (Lucy doesn’t know )

  11) Is the skirt nice ? ( The assistant asked me )

  12) What present can we get ? ( Can you guess)

  13) Which book is hers? (Do you know )

  14) Can Tom do the work ? ( He asked )

  15) They are having a meeting. ( The man said )

  4.译成英语。

  1) 我想我能帮助你。

  2) 我恐怕我明天可能会晚点到。

  3) 你知道他在鞋厂工作了多久了吗?

  4) 我不知道他昨天是否穿了那件新衬衫。

  5) 妈妈问那把雨伞在哪里。

  6) 他告诉我他的父母会来看他。

  7) 老师问我是否完成了物理作业。

  8) 今晚是否会下雨,我不确定。

  9) 你能告诉我为什么他每天都起地这么迟吗?

  10) 我不记得以前是否看过这部电影。

  11) 她说昨天她的丈夫起程去法国了。

  12) 警察发现在这场交通事故中一名男子受了重伤。

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